The differences of writing systems influence the processing of the languages in question. Word recognition constrained by writing systems has been explained by various theories. This study purposed to compare two theories, the one dimensional orthography (ODO) and the two dimensional orthography of phonology and morphology (TDO). By reviewing the recognition processes of Korean, Chinese, and English words. The ODO predicted that the phonological effect in a lexical task and the morphological effect in a naming task are exclusive across the various writing systems. However, the TDO predicted that the two effects are simultaneous in a writing system. The above predictions are reasoned by the grapheme – phoneme decoding route and the morphological intrusion in word recognition. In conclusion, either of the phonological orthography or morphological one has no reality of psychology so to reject ODO, but both of them in a language system are reasonable to support TDO. This study suggested that TDO is more developed than ODO for theories to evaluate a writing system, criticizing the prejudice that the phonological orthography is better than the morphological one to regard ODO. 

Keywords: One dimensional orthography (ODO), Two dimensional orthography(TDO). Phonology, Morphology, Grapheme – phoneme decoding, Morphological intrusion.

His scholarly post is a distinguished professor at Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea, and a senior scientist at Haskins Laboratory, Yale University, US. His Ph. D was earned from Seoul National University, Republic of Korea, by a thesis concerned to ‘phonology and morphology’, the problems of which have been analyzed further by his recent papers (Lee & Callero, 2016) and granted successively by N. I. H. His research propensity is represented by his paradigm as ‘Gih’ (Lee, Shaw, & Jin, 2017), which is posited as one of ‘the third entities’ to integrate ‘mind and body’, and ‘subject and object’. The Gih paradigm is refined on ‘scientific philosophy’ and applied to review the problems of ‘language’, ‘social relation’, and ‘perception and action’, which let him known as a cognitive psychologist and a scientific philosopher. Adding personally, what he is absorbed in is practice of some martial arts.